The Dictionary page is designed as a reference source for articles featured on this website

 
 
Angular motion Rotation around an axis (usually the bodies center line or a joint)
Atrophy Decrease in Muscle size
Biomechanics Our bodies mechanical system of muscles and bones which work in conjunction as levers to apply force to create linear motion or angular motion to overcome gravity's force.
Closed chain sports Where a skill or sport is performed in an environment that allows an individual to make decisions and perform with out the interference from opponents .eg. Kata competition, pistol shooting, gymnastics
Compound Multi-joint movement
Concentric contraction Applying Force as the muscle shortens.
(Where a muscle applies force to lift an external load resisting the force of gravity)
Cycle / phase A period of time (usually weeks or months ) where an individual focuses on a certain component of their training
Depression
Downward rotation
Dynamic Movement .eg. Dynamic posture is the ability to maintain posture during movement
Eccentric contraction Applying Force as the muscle lengthens.
(Where muscles apply force to lower an external load in the direction of gravity)
Elevation
Extension Applying a push force at a joint (Where two bones attached to opposite sides of a joint move apart)
Flexion Applying a pull force at a joint (Where two bones attached to opposite sides of a joint move to towards each other)
Functional movement Movement that your body is designed to do with minimal effort, that places minimal stress on the body's joints
Hypertrophy Increase in Muscle size
Inferior Vertical Pull Upright row
Inferior Vertical Push Dips
Isolation Single-joint movement
Isometric contraction Where muscles apply force to bones with no movement. eg. Trying to push over a brick wall
Linear motion Movement in a straight line
Open chained sports Where a skill or sport is performed in an environment that is constantly changing, this in turn puts pressure on an individual to perform and make decisions eg. basket ball, boxing, hockey tennis etc
Periodization The planning and the timing of all the individual components that an athlete needs to help them excel in their chosen sport
Phase / cycle A period of time ( usually weeks or months ) where an individual focuses on a certain component of their training
Plyometrics Before a muscle starts a powerful concentric contraction it is stretch out by either gravity in the form of an eccentric contraction or by the opposing muscle groups. This stretching (known as a "pre stretch") gives the additional benefit of a sling shot effect, which adds to the total power out-put
Pre stretch (See plyometrics )
Prone When the human body is horizontal face down
Protraction
Retraction
RM Repetition Maximum: The maximal weight that an individual can lift over a given number of repetitions. Eg A 7-RM is the maximal weight that an individual can lift over 7 repetitions
Scapulohumeral rythm The relationship between the scapula and the humerus during movement
Shearing Force Force perpendicular to a joint that tends to pull joints apart
SSC Stretch shortening cycle (see plyometrics)
Static No movement .eg. Static posture is the ability to maintain posture in a stationary position
Supine When the human body is horizontal face up
Superior Vertical Pull Lat pulldown / chin ups
Superior Vertical Push Shoulder Press
Upward rotation
Velocity Speed of movement